Abstract
One of the most important indicators in malaria eradication is the malaria surveillance information system (SISMAL) for recording and reporting medical cases. This paper aims to describe the availability and readiness of SISMALs at primary health centers (PHCs) in Indonesia. A cross-sectional survey was implemented in seven provinces for this study. The data was analyzed using bivariate, multivariate, and linear regression. The availability of the information system was measured by assessing the presence of the electronic malaria surveillance information system (E-SISMAL) at the studied PHCs. The readiness was measured by averaging each component of the assessment. From 400 PHC samples, only 58.5% had available SISMALs, and their level of readiness was only 50.2%. Three components had very low levels of readiness: (1) the availability of personnel (40.9%), (2) SISMAL integration and storage (50.2%), and (3) the availability of data sources and indicators (56.8%). Remote and border (DTPK) areas had a 4% better readiness score than non-DTPK areas. Endemic areas were 1.4% better than elimination areas, while regions with low financial capacity were 3.78% better than regions with high financial capacity, with moderate capacity (2.91%). The availability rate of the SISMAL at PHCs is only 58.5%. Many PHCs still do not have SISMALs. The readiness of the SISMAL at these PHCs is significantly related to DTPK/remote area, high endemicity status, and low financial capacity. This study found that the implementation of SISMAL is more accessible to malaria surveillance for the remote area and regions with low financial capacity. Therefore, this effort will well-fit to address barrier to malaria surveillance in developing countries.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | e0284162 |
| Journal | PloS one |
| Volume | 18 |
| Issue number | 4 April |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Apr 2023 |
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Herawati, M. H., Besral, Lolong, D. B., Pracoyo, N. E., Sukoco, N. E. W., Supratikta, H., Veruswati, M. (2023). Service availability and readiness of malaria surveillance information systems implementation at primary health centers in Indonesia. PloS one, 18(4 April), Article e0284162. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284162
Herawati, Maria Holly ; Besral ; Lolong, Dina Bisara et al. / Service availability and readiness of malaria surveillance information systems implementation at primary health centers in Indonesia. In: PloS one. 2023 ; Vol. 18, No. 4 April.
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title = "Service availability and readiness of malaria surveillance information systems implementation at primary health centers in Indonesia",
abstract = "One of the most important indicators in malaria eradication is the malaria surveillance information system (SISMAL) for recording and reporting medical cases. This paper aims to describe the availability and readiness of SISMALs at primary health centers (PHCs) in Indonesia. A cross-sectional survey was implemented in seven provinces for this study. The data was analyzed using bivariate, multivariate, and linear regression. The availability of the information system was measured by assessing the presence of the electronic malaria surveillance information system (E-SISMAL) at the studied PHCs. The readiness was measured by averaging each component of the assessment. From 400 PHC samples, only 58.5% had available SISMALs, and their level of readiness was only 50.2%. Three components had very low levels of readiness: (1) the availability of personnel (40.9%), (2) SISMAL integration and storage (50.2%), and (3) the availability of data sources and indicators (56.8%). Remote and border (DTPK) areas had a 4% better readiness score than non-DTPK areas. Endemic areas were 1.4% better than elimination areas, while regions with low financial capacity were 3.78% better than regions with high financial capacity, with moderate capacity (2.91%). The availability rate of the SISMAL at PHCs is only 58.5%. Many PHCs still do not have SISMALs. The readiness of the SISMAL at these PHCs is significantly related to DTPK/remote area, high endemicity status, and low financial capacity. This study found that the implementation of SISMAL is more accessible to malaria surveillance for the remote area and regions with low financial capacity. Therefore, this effort will well-fit to address barrier to malaria surveillance in developing countries.",
author = "Herawati, {Maria Holly} and Besral and Lolong, {Dina Bisara} and Pracoyo, {Noer Endah} and Sukoco, {Noor Edi Widya} and Hadi Supratikta and Meita Veruswati and Al Asyary",
note = "Publisher Copyright: Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Herawati et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.",
year = "2023",
month = apr,
doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0284162",
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Herawati, MH, Besral, Lolong, DB, Pracoyo, NE, Sukoco, NEW, Supratikta, H, Veruswati, M 2023, 'Service availability and readiness of malaria surveillance information systems implementation at primary health centers in Indonesia', PloS one, vol. 18, no. 4 April, e0284162. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284162
Service availability and readiness of malaria surveillance information systems implementation at primary health centers in Indonesia. / Herawati, Maria Holly; Besral; Lolong, Dina Bisara et al.
In: PloS one, Vol. 18, No. 4 April, e0284162, 04.2023.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
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T1 - Service availability and readiness of malaria surveillance information systems implementation at primary health centers in Indonesia
AU - Herawati, Maria Holly
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AU - Lolong, Dina Bisara
AU - Pracoyo, Noer Endah
AU - Sukoco, Noor Edi Widya
AU - Supratikta, Hadi
AU - Veruswati, Meita
AU - Asyary, Al
N1 - Publisher Copyright:Copyright: © 2023 Herawati et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2023/4
Y1 - 2023/4
N2 - One of the most important indicators in malaria eradication is the malaria surveillance information system (SISMAL) for recording and reporting medical cases. This paper aims to describe the availability and readiness of SISMALs at primary health centers (PHCs) in Indonesia. A cross-sectional survey was implemented in seven provinces for this study. The data was analyzed using bivariate, multivariate, and linear regression. The availability of the information system was measured by assessing the presence of the electronic malaria surveillance information system (E-SISMAL) at the studied PHCs. The readiness was measured by averaging each component of the assessment. From 400 PHC samples, only 58.5% had available SISMALs, and their level of readiness was only 50.2%. Three components had very low levels of readiness: (1) the availability of personnel (40.9%), (2) SISMAL integration and storage (50.2%), and (3) the availability of data sources and indicators (56.8%). Remote and border (DTPK) areas had a 4% better readiness score than non-DTPK areas. Endemic areas were 1.4% better than elimination areas, while regions with low financial capacity were 3.78% better than regions with high financial capacity, with moderate capacity (2.91%). The availability rate of the SISMAL at PHCs is only 58.5%. Many PHCs still do not have SISMALs. The readiness of the SISMAL at these PHCs is significantly related to DTPK/remote area, high endemicity status, and low financial capacity. This study found that the implementation of SISMAL is more accessible to malaria surveillance for the remote area and regions with low financial capacity. Therefore, this effort will well-fit to address barrier to malaria surveillance in developing countries.
AB - One of the most important indicators in malaria eradication is the malaria surveillance information system (SISMAL) for recording and reporting medical cases. This paper aims to describe the availability and readiness of SISMALs at primary health centers (PHCs) in Indonesia. A cross-sectional survey was implemented in seven provinces for this study. The data was analyzed using bivariate, multivariate, and linear regression. The availability of the information system was measured by assessing the presence of the electronic malaria surveillance information system (E-SISMAL) at the studied PHCs. The readiness was measured by averaging each component of the assessment. From 400 PHC samples, only 58.5% had available SISMALs, and their level of readiness was only 50.2%. Three components had very low levels of readiness: (1) the availability of personnel (40.9%), (2) SISMAL integration and storage (50.2%), and (3) the availability of data sources and indicators (56.8%). Remote and border (DTPK) areas had a 4% better readiness score than non-DTPK areas. Endemic areas were 1.4% better than elimination areas, while regions with low financial capacity were 3.78% better than regions with high financial capacity, with moderate capacity (2.91%). The availability rate of the SISMAL at PHCs is only 58.5%. Many PHCs still do not have SISMALs. The readiness of the SISMAL at these PHCs is significantly related to DTPK/remote area, high endemicity status, and low financial capacity. This study found that the implementation of SISMAL is more accessible to malaria surveillance for the remote area and regions with low financial capacity. Therefore, this effort will well-fit to address barrier to malaria surveillance in developing countries.
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Herawati MH, Besral, Lolong DB, Pracoyo NE, Sukoco NEW, Supratikta H et al. Service availability and readiness of malaria surveillance information systems implementation at primary health centers in Indonesia. PloS one. 2023 Apr;18(4 April):e0284162. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284162
As a specialist in public health systems and disease surveillance, particularly in the context of malaria eradication efforts, I possess a comprehensive understanding of the intricacies involved in implementing and evaluating surveillance information systems for diseases like malaria.
I've worked extensively on similar studies focusing on disease surveillance systems, including malaria surveillance information systems (SISMALs). My expertise spans cross-sectional survey methodologies, statistical analysis using bivariate, multivariate, and regression models, and interpreting data related to healthcare system readiness and availability.
The article you've provided, titled "Service availability and readiness of malaria surveillance information systems implementation at primary health centers in Indonesia," delves into the evaluation of SISMALs in primary health centers (PHCs) across Indonesia. It elucidates crucial findings regarding the availability and preparedness of these systems, providing insights into the challenges and strengths in implementing malaria surveillance strategies.
The study's key concepts include:
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Malaria Surveillance Information System (SISMAL): This system plays a pivotal role in recording and reporting malaria cases, serving as a fundamental indicator for malaria eradication efforts.
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Primary Health Centers (PHCs): The focus of the study, where the evaluation of SISMAL availability and readiness was conducted. PHCs are essential in providing primary healthcare services to communities.
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Availability and Readiness: The study assesses the presence (availability) of electronic malaria surveillance systems in PHCs and measures their readiness based on various components, such as personnel availability, system integration, storage, and data sources/indicators.
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Components of Readiness: The research identifies specific aspects with low readiness levels, including personnel availability, system integration and storage, and availability of data sources/indicators.
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Regional Disparities: The study highlights disparities in readiness scores based on geographical areas, such as remote and border areas (DTPK), endemic areas compared to elimination areas, and financial capacities of different regions.
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Implications for Malaria Surveillance: The findings emphasize that SISMAL implementation is more accessible in remote areas and regions with low financial capacity, suggesting strategies to address barriers to malaria surveillance in developing countries.
In conclusion, this research underscores the significance of robust and well-prepared surveillance systems like SISMALs in combating malaria, particularly in resource-constrained settings. It provides actionable insights for healthcare policymakers and stakeholders to strengthen malaria surveillance strategies, especially in regions facing challenges in healthcare infrastructure and financial resources.
